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Frozen in Time

Owen Beattie, John Geiger

Duration26 min
Key Points9 Key Points
Rating4.5 Rate

What's inside?

Dive into a thrilling exploration of the Franklin Expedition, unraveling the mysteries of their fate and their icy entrapment in the Arctic.

You'll learn

Learn1. What happened to the Franklin Expedition?
Learn2. How did science help solve the Franklin Expedition mystery?
Learn3. What was Arctic exploration like in the 1800s?
Learn4. How did Inuit stories help figure out the Franklin Expedition?
Learn5. How did the Franklin Expedition's failure affect future Arctic trips?
Learn6. Why should we care about old stuff and places?

Key points

01The Ambitious Beginning

The Franklin Expedition, led by the seasoned explorer Sir John Franklin, embarked on a daring journey from Greenhithe, England on May 19, 1845. The mission was to chart the elusive Northwest Passage, a potential trade route that would link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This expedition was not just a voyage of discovery, but a testament to the ambition and technological prowess of the era. The expedition was equipped with two robust ships, the HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, both of which had been reinforced with iron plating to withstand the harsh Arctic ice. The Erebus, under the direct command of Sir John Franklin, was a Hecla-class bomb vessel that had previously seen service in the Antarctic. The Terror, captained by Francis Crozier, was slightly smaller but equally formidable. Both ships were fitted with steam engines and had been modified for polar exploration, showcasing the cutting-edge technology of the time. The crew of the expedition was a mix of experienced seamen, officers, and scientists. Each ship was also equipped with a library of over 1,000 books, a heated living space, and three years' worth of canned food supplies. This was a clear indication of the meticulous planning and preparation that went into the expedition. The crew underwent rigorous training and were equipped with the latest technology of the time, including new waterproof clothing, innovative canned food supplies, and state-of-the-art magnetic and meteorological instruments for scientific observations. The expedition set sail amidst much fanfare, with thousands of spectators lining the Thames to bid farewell to the crew. The ships were last seen by European whalers in Baffin Bay, off the coast of Greenland, before they disappeared into the Arctic wilderness. This marked the beginning of a journey that would become one of the most enduring mysteries of Arctic exploration. The significance of the Franklin Expedition lies not just in its ambitious goal to chart the Northwest Passage, but also in its embodiment of the spirit of exploration and technological innovation of the time. The expedition was a symbol of human ambition, courage, and the relentless pursuit of knowledge. It was a testament to the belief in human ability to conquer the harshest environments, armed with technology and preparation. However, the disappearance of the Franklin Expedition also serves as a stark reminder of the unforgiving nature of the Arctic wilderness and the limits of human endurance. Despite the meticulous planning, state-of-the-art technology, and experienced crew, the expedition met with an unknown fate, underscoring the inherent risks and uncertainties of Arctic exploration. In conclusion, the Franklin Expedition represents a significant chapter in the history of Arctic exploration. It encapsulates the spirit of human ambition, the advances in technology, and the harsh realities of the Arctic environment. The expedition's ambitious beginning, marked by fanfare and optimism, stands in stark contrast to its mysterious end, serving as a poignant reminder of the challenges and risks inherent in the pursuit of discovery.

02Into the Unknown

The Franklin Expedition, led by Sir John Franklin, embarked on a daring journey into the Arctic in May 1845. The expedition, consisting of 129 men aboard two Royal Navy ships, HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, was a testament to the spirit of exploration and scientific curiosity of the era. However, the expedition's fate would serve as a stark reminder of the unforgiving nature of the Arctic and the limits of human endurance. The crew, well-equipped with provisions and scientific instruments, was prepared to face the harsh weather conditions and treacherous ice of the Arctic. However, as they ventured deeper into the Arctic, the weather conditions worsened. The ships were trapped in the ice near King William Island, and the crew was forced to endure the harsh Arctic winter. The freezing temperatures, coupled with the lack of sunlight, began to take a toll on the crew's morale and physical health. The expedition's plight was further exacerbated by the emergence of scurvy and lead poisoning among the crew members. The canned food provisions, which were initially seen as a testament to the expedition's preparedness, turned out to be a silent killer. The lead solder used in the cans had leached into the food, leading to lead poisoning among the crew. This, coupled with the lack of fresh produce, led to the outbreak of scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. In April 1847, the expedition suffered a significant blow with the death of Sir John Franklin. The command was passed on to Captain Francis Crozier, but the leadership transition could not alleviate the crew's deteriorating morale. The crew, now facing a leadership crisis, was further demoralized. The remaining crew members attempted to trek overland in a desperate bid for survival, but the harsh Arctic conditions proved too much. The last known communication from the expedition, a note dated April 25, 1848, was found in a cairn on King William Island. The note revealed the dire situation of the crew, with 24 men already dead, including Franklin. This note, eventually sent back to England, marked the last known contact from the ill-fated Franklin Expedition. The Franklin Expedition's fate serves as a poignant reminder of the perils of venturing into the unknown. Despite their preparedness and determination, the crew was ultimately defeated by the harsh Arctic conditions and their own physical limitations. The expedition's tragic end underscores the importance of understanding and respecting the forces of nature, especially in environments as unforgiving as the Arctic.

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03The Silence Sets In

04Clues in the Ice

05The Inuit Testimony

06Scientific Investigation

07The Final Resting Place

08Reflections and Conclusions

09Conclusion

About Owen Beattie, John Geiger

Owen Beattie is a Canadian anthropologist and professor known for his research on the Franklin Expedition. John Geiger is a Canadian author and journalist, currently the CEO of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society. They co-authored "Frozen in Time: The Fate of the Franklin Expedition".